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Tuesday, May 14, 2013
For Witness to Nagasaki, a Life Focused on Science
[unable to retrieve full-text content]Osamu Shimomura, a Nobel Prize-winning chemist who, as a teenager, lived through the dropping of an atomic bomb, recently visited the birthplace of the atomic era.
Routine screening for depression not recommended for adults with no apparent symptoms of depression
May 13, 2013 ? For adults with no apparent symptoms of depression, routine screening is not recommended in primary care settings because of the lack of high-quality evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for depression, according to new evidence-based guidelines from the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC) published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).
These guidelines mark a change in approach from the task force's 2005 guidelines, which recommended screening adults in primary care settings where there were integrated staff-assisted systems to manage treatment.
"In the absence of a demonstrated benefit of screening, and in consideration of the potential harms, we recommend not routinely screening for depression in primary care settings, either in adults at average risk or in those with characteristics that may increase their risk of depression," writes Dr. Michael Joffres, chair of the CTFPHC's depression guideline writing group and member of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, with coauthors.
The recommendations do not apply to people with known depression, with a history of depression or who are receiving treatment for depression.
However, clinicians should be alert to the possibility of depression, especially in patients with characteristics that may increase their risk of depression, and should look for it when there are clinical clues, such as insomnia, low mood, anhedonia (inability to experience pleasure) and suicidal thoughts.
Guidelines in other countries differ slightly from the Canadian guidelines. The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends universal screening where supports exist to ensure follow-up treatment. In the United Kingdom, the National Institutes for Health and Clinical Excellence recommends a targeted approach, focusing on people with a history of depression rather than general screening.
These recommendations do not apply to people with known depression, with a history of depression or who are receiving treatment for depression.
"These recommendations do not apply to people with known depression, with a history of depression or who are receiving treatment for depression. Patients who present with symptoms or other clues to the presence of depression should be appropriately assessed for depression," explained Dr. Gabriela Lewin, member of the CTFPHC working group.
The task force calls for high-quality randomized controlled trials with an unscreened control group to understand the effect of screening, the potential harms of screening, such as false-positive diagnoses with subsequent unnecessary treatment, as well as the implications of earlier detection of depression through screening.
In a related commentary, Dr. Roger Bland, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, and coauthor write, "There is no question, as the task force amply illustrates, that depression constitutes a major public health problem. Although milder cases may require only watchful waiting rather than treatment, about 15% of people with major depression go on to a chronic course, with much residual disability. Family physicians have been criticized for failing to recognize depression. However, studies have shown that many missed cases are those of milder depression, which often remits spontaneously, and that patients with milder forms of depression may experience adverse effects and other complications if the depression is treated."
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/TI9bU8aq_y8/130513123335.htm
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Would You Trust One Company to Oversee All of Your Passwords?
Last Friday at Interop, Paypal's chief information security officer, Michael Barrett, let it be known that passwords were dead.
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Judge delays decision on Holmes insanity plea
Family members and victims are escorted to the courtroom in Centennial, Colo., for a hearing where Aurora theater shooting suspect James Holmes was allowed to change his plea to not guilty by reason of insanity on Monday, May 13, 2013. (AP Photo/Ed Andrieski)
Family members and victims are escorted to the courtroom in Centennial, Colo., for a hearing where Aurora theater shooting suspect James Holmes was allowed to change his plea to not guilty by reason of insanity on Monday, May 13, 2013. (AP Photo/Ed Andrieski)
Special prosecutor Dan Zook arrives at the courthouse in Centennial, Colo., for a hearing where Aurora theater shooting suspect James Holmes was allowed to change his plea to not guilty by reason of insanity, on Monday, May 13, 2013. Zook was hired by the district attorney to handle the Holmes prosecution. (AP Photo/Ed Andrieski)
James Holmes mother Arlene Holmes, left, is escorted by a member of the defense team as she arrives for a hearing in Centennial, Colo., where Aurora theater shooting suspect James Holmes was allowed to change his plea to not guilty by reason of insanity on Monday, May 13, 2013. (AP Photo/Brennan Linsley)
District Attorney George Brauchler, right, and assistant DA Mark Hurlbert arrive for a hearing in Centennial, Colo., where Aurora theater shooting suspect James Holmes was allowed to change his plea to not guilty by reason of insanity on Monday, May 13, 2013. (AP Photo/Ed Andrieski)
Arlene Holmes, right, the mother of James Holmes leaves the courthouse in Centennial, Colo., with a member of his defense team after a hearing where Aurora theater shooting suspect James Holmes asked to change his plea to not guilty by reason of insanity on Monday, May 13, 2013.(AP Photo/Brennan Linsley)
CENTENNIAL, Colo. (AP) ? Lawyers for the Colorado theater shooting suspect told a judge Monday he wants to change his plea to not guilty by reason of insanity, but the judge won't immediately rule on whether to allow it.
Attorney Daniel King made the request in court, saying the defense now has a diagnosis for James Holmes, though he didn't specify what it was.
Holmes, with bushy hair and beard, didn't speak during the hearing after entering the courtroom with his eyes downcast.
Before deciding whether to accept a new plea, Judge Carlos Samour said, he would consider arguments about constitutional questions the defense has raised about Colorado's insanity and death penalty laws.
He isn't expected to announce his decision until May 31, when another hearing is scheduled.
At the heart of the dispute is a list of cautions Samour has prepared advising Holmes of the ground rules of an insanity defense.
It includes an advisory that Holmes must cooperate with doctors during a mandatory mental health evaluation or he won't be able to present mitigating evidence about his mental state if he is convicted and a jury considers whether he should be executed. Just how much cooperation is required hasn't been tested in court since the laws were changed in the late 1990s.
A not guilty by reason of insanity plea is widely seen as Holmes' best hope ? perhaps his only hope ? of avoiding the death penalty. But his lawyers have held off until now, fearing a wrinkle in the law could cripple their ability to raise his mental health as a mitigating factor during the sentencing phase.
Two judges, including Samour, have previously refused to rule on the constitutionality of the law, saying the attorneys' objections were hypothetical because Holmes had not pleaded insanity. The defense had little choice but to have Holmes enter the plea and then challenge the law.
Holmes' lawyers announced last week that Holmes would ask to change his plea at the hearing.
Prosecutors are seeking the death penalty. They say Holmes, a former neuroscience graduate student, spent months acquiring weapons and ammunition, scouting a theater in the Denver suburb of Aurora and booby-trapping his apartment.
Then on July 20, dressed in a police-style helmet and body armor, he opened fire during a packed midnight showing of "The Dark Knight Rises," prosecutors say. Twelve people died and 70 were injured.
No motive has emerged in nearly 10 months of hearings, but Holmes' attorneys have repeatedly said their client is mentally ill. He was being treated by a psychiatrist before the attack.
The insanity plea carries risks for both sides. Holmes will have to submit to the mental evaluation by state-employed doctors, and prosecutors could use the findings against him.
"It's literally a life-and-death situation with the government seeking to execute him and the government, the same government, evaluating him with regard to whether he was sane or insane at the time he was in that movie theater," said attorney Dan Recht, a past president of the Colorado Criminal Defense Bar.
Among the risks for prosecutors: They must convince jurors beyond a reasonable doubt that Holmes was sane. If they don't, state law requires the jury to find him not guilty by reason of insanity.
"That's a significant burden on the prosecution," Recht said.
If acquitted, Holmes would be committed to the state mental hospital indefinitely.
A judge entered a standard not guilty plea on Holmes' behalf in March, and he needs court permission to change it.
The mental evaluation could take weeks or months. Evaluators would interview Holmes, his friends and family, and if Holmes permits it, they'll also speak with mental health professionals who treated him in the past, said Dr. Howard Zonana, a professor of psychiatry and adjunct professor of law at Yale University.
Evaluators may give Holmes standardized personality tests and compare his results to those of people with documented mental illness. They will also look for any physical brain problems.
Zonana estimates he has conducted around 200 mental evaluations of criminal defendants, including some death penalty cases.
"All cases are tough," he said.
Meticulous planning, as in the scenario prosecutors laid out against Holmes, doesn't necessarily mean a defendant is sane, Zonana said.
___
Follow Dan Elliott at http://twitter.com/DanElliottAP
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Monday, May 13, 2013
Bombing bombing suspect's Va. burial was legal, mortiican says
BOSTON (AP) ? The director of the Massachusetts funeral home where Tamerlan Tsarnaev's (TAM'-ehr-luhn tsahr-NEYE'-ehvz) body was held says the family of the Boston Marathon bombing suspect had the right to bury the body as they did.
Peter Stefan said Monday he may not agree with how things were done when Tsarnaev was buried last week in Virginia, but it was legal.
Stefan's comments come as a group critical of the burial says it wants the body disinterred and sent elsewhere. The chairman of the Virginia Anti-Shariah Task Force called the burial "an awful sneak attack."
Stefan says Massachusetts law gives families the right to bury their relatives, and they had a permit to take the body to Virginia.
Stefan says he would have preferred sending the body to Tsarnaev's family in Russia.
Source: http://news.yahoo.com/mass-mortician-bombing-suspects-burial-legal-172748639.html
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PayPal's chief information security officer says passwords' days are numbered
Recently speaking at the Interop IT conference, PayPal's chief information security officer, Michael Barrett, stated that passwords and PINs were operating on borrowed time. Barrett hopes to replace online security keys with a setup that's a blend of software and hardware-based identification. He also serves as president of the Fast Identity Online Alliance (FIDO) -- the organization's focus is to combine an effective mix of software (passwords and plugins) and hardware (USB drives and fingerprint scanners) for user authentication.
PayPal's technology boss didn't allude to his company adopting these new types of security systems for its customers anytime soon. Instead he announced that FIDO-enabled devices will be hitting the market sometime this year. Progress, yes, but until this hardware becomes more widely available, it's likely that you'll be spending more time getting acquainted with two-step logins.
Filed under: Internet, Software
Via: SlashGear
Source: Macworld
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Sunday, May 12, 2013
Astronauts Taking Spacewalk to Fix Space Station Ammonia Leak Today: Watch Live
Two NASA astronauts will venture outside the International Space Station on an emergency spacewalk today (May 11) in an attempt to o fix a leak of ammonia coolant.
NASA's Chris Cassidy and Tom Marshburn will perform the unprecedented spacewalk. The spacewalk will start at 8:15 a.m. EDT (1115 GMT) with NASA TV coverage beginning at 7 a.m. EDT (1100 GMT). You can?watch the spacewalk here on SPACE.com?via NASA TV.
The six residents of the orbiting laboratory noticed?frozen flakes of ammonia?leaking from a station coolant loop on the leftmost side of the space station on Thursday (May 9). Liquid ammonia is a vital coolant for chilling the electronics that produce the outpost's power. [Emergency Spacewalk to Fix Space Station Leak in Photos]
"The plan for this EVA [spacewalk] really is to see if we can identify the leak," Mike Suffredini, NASA's International Space Station program manager said during a briefing yesterday. "The plan is to change out the pump on this particular EVA. The most likely sources of the leak is this particular pump."
The space station crew is in no danger, NASA officials said, but the pump responsible for the movement of ammonia through that part of the system was shut off in order to conserve coolant.
Spacewalk repair on tap
For today's spacewalk, Cassidy and Marshburn plan to inspect, and potentially replace, an ammonia coolant pump controller box on the space station's Port 6 truss, a segment of the station's scaffolding-like backbone that is on the far left side. NASA space station engineers suspect the box may be the source of the leak since the ammonia was spotted coming from an area near it on Thursday.
This will not be the first time space station crewmembers have spacewalked to repair an ammonia leak on the space station's cooling sytem.
NASA's Sunita Williams and Japanese spaceflyer Akihiko Hoshide took a spacewalk to correct a leak in a coolant loop on the?International Space Station's Port 6 truss (its scaffolding-like backbone). The 2012 coolant leak was in the same loop as the current leak, but engineers don't yet know if the two leaks are related.
The station's Port 6 truss is the oldest piece of the space station's backbone and carries two of the outpost's eight wing-like solar arrays. It was launched in November 2000 and originally installed on the station's roof, extending up. In 2007, visiting shuttle astronauts relocated the P6 truss to its final location on the station's far left side.
Veteran spacewalking team
Cassidy and Marshburn are experienced spacewalkers. They each performed three spacewalks ? two of them together ? during a 2009 space shuttle Endeavor mission.
If the leak isn't fixed by switching out the pump, space station operations can still continue as planned. Marshburn, Canadian Space Agency astronaut Chris Hadfield and Russian cosmonaut Roman Romanenko are schedule to fly back to Earth two days after the spacewalk on May 13.
NASA officials have said that the spaceflyer's departure will not be affected by the leak.
Follow Miriam Kramer on?Twitter?and?Google+. Follow us on?Twitter,?Facebook?and?Google+. Original article on?SPACE.com.
Copyright 2013 SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.Source: http://news.yahoo.com/astronauts-taking-spacewalk-fix-space-station-ammonia-leak-110418990.html
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